Glagol to be
Be znači „biti“. Može biti glavni glagol, kao u She is happy, ili pomoćni glagol u trajnim vremenima i pasivu. Osnovni oblici su be, was/were i been.
Present Simple: am, is, are
| Subjekat | Potvrdno | Odrično |
|---|---|---|
| I | I am here. | I am not here. |
| he / she / it | She is here. | She is not here. |
| you / we / they | They are here. | They are not here. |
Are you from England? Yes, I am.Jesi li iz Engleske? Da.
Pitanja pravimo inverzijom, bez do/does: Is she ready? Skraćeni oblici su I’m, you’re, he’s, she’s, it’s, we’re i they’re.
Past Simple: was, were
| Subjekat | Potvrdno | Odrično |
|---|---|---|
| I / he / she / it | I was here. | I was not here. |
| you / we / they | We were here. | We were not here. |
Were they at school yesterday?Jesu li jučer bili u školi?
Was not → wasn’t; were not → weren’t. Uz be ne koristimo did u ovim pitanjima i negacijama.
Be kao pomoćni glagol
I am reading a book.Čitam knjigu; Present Continuous.
She was reading when I arrived.Čitala je kada sam stigao/la; Past Continuous.
The house was built in 2010.Kuća je izgrađena 2010. godine; pasiv.
Trajni oblik: be + -ing. Pasiv: be + past participle. Be se mijenja prema vremenu i subjektu.
Been i being
I have been busy.Bio/la sam zauzet/a; have + been.
The road is being repaired.Cesta se popravlja; pasiv radnje u toku.
Been je prošli particip, a being oblik na -ing. Nijedan od tih oblika nije samostalno glagolsko vrijeme.