Lista nepravilnih glagola
Nepravilni glagoli nemaju jedan zajednički obrazac za prošle oblike. Uči ih u kratkim rečenicama, uz razliku između Past Simple i prošlog participa.
Kako čitati tabelu
Prva kolona sadrži osnovni oblik, druga Past Simple, a treća past participle. Treća kolona koristi se uz have u perfektnim vremenima i uz be u pasivu. Varijante odvojene kosom crtom mogu pripadati različitim stilovima ili varijantama engleskog.
I wrote a letter. / I have written a letter.Napisao/la sam pismo; wrote je Past Simple, a written particip.
Glagoli A do D
| Osnovni oblik | Past Simple | Past participle |
|---|---|---|
| alight | alighted / alit | alighted / alit |
| arise | arose | arisen |
| awake | awoke / awaked | awoken / awaked |
| be | was / were | been |
| bear | bore | borne / born |
| beat | beat | beaten |
| become | became | become |
| beget | begot | begotten |
| begin | began | begun |
| bend | bent | bent |
| bereave | bereaved / bereft | bereaved / bereft |
| beseech | besought / beseeched | besought / beseeched |
| bet | bet / betted | bet / betted |
| bid | bade / bid | bidden / bid / bade |
| bide | bided | bided |
| bind | bound | bound |
| bite | bit | bitten |
| bleed | bled | bled |
| bless | blessed / blest | blessed / blest |
| blow | blew | blown |
| break | broke | broken |
| breed | bred | bred |
| bring | brought | brought |
| broadcast | broadcast / broadcasted | broadcast / broadcasted |
| build | built | built |
| burn | burnt / burned | burnt / burned |
| burst | burst | burst |
| bust | bust / busted | bust / busted |
| buy | bought | bought |
| can | could | Nema prošli particip. |
| cast | cast | cast |
| catch | caught | caught |
| choose | chose | chosen |
| cleave | cleft / cleaved / clove | cleft / cleaved / cloven |
| cling | clung | clung |
| clothe | clothed / clad | clothed / clad |
| come | came | come |
| cost | cost | cost |
| creep | crept | crept |
| crow | crowed / crew | crowed |
| cut | cut | cut |
| deal | dealt | dealt |
| dig | dug | dug |
| do | did | done |
| draw | drew | drawn |
| dream | dreamt / dreamed | dreamt / dreamed |
| drink | drank | drunk |
| drive | drove | driven |
| dwell | dwelt / dwelled | dwelt / dwelled |
Glagoli E do K
| Osnovni oblik | Past Simple | Past participle |
|---|---|---|
| eat | ate | eaten |
| fall | fell | fallen |
| feed | fed | fed |
| feel | felt | felt |
| fight | fought | fought |
| find | found | found |
| flee | fled | fled |
| fling | flung | flung |
| fly | flew | flown |
| forbid | forbade | forbidden |
| forecast | forecast / forecasted | forecast / forecasted |
| forget | forgot | forgotten |
| forsake | forsook | forsaken |
| freeze | froze | frozen |
| geld | gelded / gelt | gelded / gelt |
| get | got | got / gotten |
| gild | gilded / gilt | gilded / gilt |
| give | gave | given |
| gnaw | gnawed | gnawed / gnawn |
| go | went | gone |
| grind | ground | ground |
| grip | gripped / gript | gripped / gript |
| grow | grew | grown |
| hang | hung | hung |
| have | had | had |
| hear | heard | heard |
| heave | heaved / hove | heaved / hove |
| hew | hewed | hewed / hewn |
| hide | hid | hidden |
| hit | hit | hit |
| hold | held | held |
| hurt | hurt | hurt |
| keep | kept | kept |
| kneel | knelt / kneeled | knelt / kneeled |
| knit | knitted / knit | knitted / knit |
| know | knew | known |
Glagoli L do R
| Osnovni oblik | Past Simple | Past participle |
|---|---|---|
| lay | laid | laid |
| lead | led | led |
| lean | leant / leaned | leant / leaned |
| leap | leapt / leaped | leapt / leaped |
| learn | learnt / learned | learnt / learned |
| leave | left | left |
| lend | lent | lent |
| let | let | let |
| lie | lay | lain |
| light | lit / lighted | lit / lighted |
| lose | lost | lost |
| make | made | made |
| may | might | Nema prošli particip. |
| mean | meant | meant |
| meet | met | met |
| melt | melted | melted |
| mow | mowed | mown / mowed |
| pay | paid | paid |
| pen | pent / penned | pent / penned |
| plead | pled / pleaded | pled / pleaded |
| prove | proved | proven / proved |
| put | put | put |
| quit | quit / quitted | quit / quitted |
| read | read | read |
| rid | rid / ridded | rid / ridded |
| ride | rode | ridden |
| ring | rang | rung |
| rise | rose | risen |
| run | ran | run |
Glagoli S do Z
| Osnovni oblik | Past Simple | Past participle |
|---|---|---|
| saw | sawed | sawn / sawed |
| say | said | said |
| see | saw | seen |
| seek | sought | sought |
| sell | sold | sold |
| send | sent | sent |
| set | set | set |
| sew | sewed | sewn / sewed |
| shake | shook | shaken |
| shall | should | Nema prošli particip. |
| shear | sheared | shorn / sheared |
| shed | shed | shed |
| shine | shone / shined | shone / shined |
| shit | shit / shitted / shat | shit / shitted / shat |
| shoe | shod / shoed | shod / shoed |
| shoot | shot | shot |
| show | showed | shown / showed |
| shred | shred / shredded | shred / shredded |
| shrink | shrank / shrunk | shrunk |
| shut | shut | shut |
| sing | sang | sung |
| sink | sank | sunk |
| sit | sat | sat |
| slay | slew | slain |
| sleep | slept | slept |
| slide | slid | slid |
| sling | slung | slung |
| slink | slunk | slunk |
| slit | slit | slit |
| smell | smelt / smelled | smelt / smelled |
| smite | smote | smitten |
| sow | sowed | sown / sowed |
| speak | spoke | spoken |
| speed | sped / speeded | sped / speeded |
| spell | spelt / spelled | spelt / spelled |
| spend | spent | spent |
| spill | spilt / spilled | spilt / spilled |
| spin | spun | spun |
| spit | spat | spat |
| split | split | split |
| spoil | spoilt / spoiled | spoilt / spoiled |
| spread | spread | spread |
| spring | sprang / sprung | sprung |
| stand | stood | stood |
| steal | stole | stolen |
| stick | stuck | stuck |
| sting | stung | stung |
| stink | stank / stunk | stunk |
| stride | strode | stridden |
| strike | struck | struck |
| string | strung | strung |
| strive | strove | striven |
| swear | swore | sworn |
| sweat | sweat / sweated | sweat / sweated |
| sweep | swept | swept |
| swell | swelled | swollen / swelled |
| swim | swam | swum |
| swing | swung | swung |
| take | took | taken |
| teach | taught | taught |
| tear | tore | torn |
| telecast | telecast / telecasted | telecast / telecasted |
| tell | told | told |
| think | thought | thought |
| throw | threw | thrown |
| thrust | thrust | thrust |
| tread | trod | trodden |
| understand | understood | understood |
| wake | woke / waked | woken / waked |
| wear | wore | worn |
| weave | wove | woven |
| wed | wed / wedded | wed / wedded |
| weep | wept | wept |
| wet | wet / wetted | wet / wetted |
| win | won | won |
| wind | wound | wound |
| wring | wrung | wrung |
| write | wrote | written |
Oblici koji traže pažnju
- Read se piše jednako u sve tri kolone, ali se prošli oblici izgovaraju /red/, a osnovni oblik /riːd/.
- Get ima particip got u britanskom i često gotten u američkom engleskom.
- Bear ima borne u općoj upotrebi, a born se koristi u izrazu be born, „roditi se“.
- Bid u značenju „ponuditi cijenu“ ima bid/bid; formalno bade/bidden vezano je uz druga značenja, poput poziva ili naredbe.
- Hang obično ima hung; u značenju izvršenja smrtne kazne koristi se hanged.
- Lie (ležati) ima lay/lain, a lie (lagati) je pravilan: lied/lied.
- Molten je uobičajen kao pridjev za rastopljen materijal; glagolski particip melt je melted.
- Modalni can, may i shall nemaju past participle. Njihovi srodni oblici could, might i should ne označavaju uvijek prošlost.
Neki glagoli u široj listi imaju i pravilne oblike ili su rijetki. Za početak usvoji česte glagole be, have, do, go, come, see, take, give, write i speak.